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The X-Window system source code also contains much information on configuration choices. The configuration file usually contains many comments explaining the configuration choices available. Review your X-Window system configuration file (typically /etc/X11/nf) to see if it matches the configuration you think you have. If the Live CD works, you might try copying the Live CD generated X configuration and using it under your installed version of Linux. In my experience, Knoppix ( ) has done a very good job of automatically configuring the X-Window system. Try booting from a ‘Live CD’ version of Linux to see if you can configure the X-Window system. Being able to login to the problem system remotely allows you to view log files and error messages, even if the local keyboard isn’t working. Sometimes, the X-Window system takes control of the keyboard and mouse but then seems to ignore any further input.

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If you run ‘startx’ on the local system, the error messages may be masked by the graphics system or Windows Manager. This should at least display any error messages that may be produced. If you have another system available, log in to the problem system remotely and try to start the X-Server by running startx (/usr/X11R6/bin/startx, /usr/bin/startx). Though much information and knowledge sharing is available, troubleshooting X-Window issues for a given Linux/X/hardware/driver combination can be challenging.īesides reading HOWTO’s on the X-Window system (available from the Linux Documentation Project – ), there are several ways to troubleshoot the X-Window System.

It Doesn’t Work – Typically, you are using graphics hardware that isn’t supported by the X-Window system, the display isn’t recognised by the X-Window System or something is unrecognised.

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It Just Works – Most current Linux distributions provide automatic hardware detection and drivers for most common graphics hardware and can configure the X-Window system automatically during initial installation.Configuration Issues – Basic Things You Can TryĬonfiguring the X-Window system to work on your hardware largely falls into two categories: The log file for the Xorg version of the X Window System is /var/log/Xorg.0.log (or similar). The config file for the Xorg version of the X Window System is /etc/X11/nf. The log file for the XFree86 version of the X-Window System is /var/log/XFree86.0.log (or similar). The configuration file for the XFree86 version of the X-Window System is /etc/X11/XF86Config-4 or /etc/X11/XF86Config. Today, most current Linux distributions now use the Xorg version of the X-Window system.

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Using the last version of the XFree86 software released under the old licensing terms, the X organisation (X.org Foundation – ) produced an open source version of the X-Windows system. However, changes to the terms of XFree86 software saw many Linux vendors seeking an alternative. The two most common versions of the X-Window system used are:įor some years, the XFree86 project ( ) maintained and freely provided their version of the X-Window system – many Linux vendors included it as the X-Windows system as part of their distribution. The X-Windows system design allows for most policy decisions and configuration to be made by higher level pieces of software, making it very easy to develop new user interfaces. Linux provides the user with numerous graphical interface choices.

KDE (K Desktop Environment – ) and GNOME ( ) are examples of more complex user interfaces. Some Window Managers are bundled as part of a complex set of programs that provide the user with rich features, but use a lot of resource and processing power. Some Window Managers use very little resource, so are a good choice for systems of a low-end specification. A higher level Window/Display Manager is required for anything more than just a movable cursor and few windows.

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